Calls for federal government to bring dental Medicare

Calls for Medicare-style dental care scheme

New research shows millions of Australians cannot afford basic dental care adding pressure on the Federal government to introduce dental health reform.

A Brotherhood of St Laurence report revealed 17 per cent of the poorest Australians have no natural teeth.

The findings also show poor oral health costs the national economy up to $2 billion in lost employment and accounts for 1,000,000 workdays and 600, 000 school days lost each year.

Nicola Ballenden from the Brotherhood of St Laurence (BSL) says inadequate funding of public dental care bears “significant economic and social costs” for disadvantaged Australians.

“People who can’t afford to go to a private dentist are reliant on very underfunded public dental services which means they often have to wait weeks, months, sometimes even years to get treatment.

This can lead to other health problems and undermine their capacity to work, make it difficult to eat and even speak and these people have to live with a lot of pain,” she said.

The Greens party is pushing for the Gillard government to introduce a Medicare-style dental health scheme, a move that the BSL supports.

“What we’d like to see in the short term is fixing the system for disadvantaged people but in the medium term we think that it’s really important that the mouth is treated like the rest of the body and that it is part of a universal health scheme,” said Ballenden.

Past estimates of the cost have exceeded $8 billion annually but Sydney University academic, Hans Zuellner, predicts a universal dental care scheme is more likely to be around $4 billion.

“Yes it will cost but it won’t be as much as the government believes and it’s not going to be throwing money into a pit.”

“Research shows most people initially undergo a more expensive high level treatment but over time the cost goes down as they only come in for less expensive maintenance procedures,” he said.

The Australian Dental Association said they propose DentalAccess as a less expensive alternative, which targets the lowest 30 per cent of income earners.

But Associate professor Hans Zuellner, who chairs the Association for the Promotion of Oral Health, said the ADA plan would not be the best move.

“That’s going to work great for the dentists but it’s not going to work great for the nation.”

“Unless everybody’s eligible for the scheme you won’t have the benefit of wealthy people paying for the poor people and you won’t have the benefit of the whole population exerting competitive pressures on private dentists to keep their fees low,” he said.

Labor says it will unveil its dental care plans as part of next year’s budget.

The online journo is an octopus

In the old days, journalists filed one story a day, for a newspaper. Or they prepared one TV or radio news package. Online journalism has changed all that, converging all these traditional mediums into multi-platform journalism. The online journalist is a highly-skilled multi-tasker (read: octopus), expected to file a story, prepare a TV or news package, as well as write a blog, record a podcast, take photographs, or shoot a video.

So it begs to the ask question, is it possible to do so many things successfully without compromising the quality of the story?

Kristie Lu Stout, a technology correspondent for CNN Asia, believes so. In an interview, she mentioned that some critics doubt that journalists can “successfully integrate several news gathering tasks at once” and view multi-platform journalists as “over-burdened hacks being asked to do two or even three jobs concurrently”. She refuted this, saying that it can be done because multi-tasking is a natural part of the society we live in but new technologies also play a huge role in facilitating the ‘juggling act’ multi-platform journalists perform:

“All of us now are living in a multi-tasking world where doing a variety of seemingly unrelated endeavours is becoming more and more the norm.

Using today’s software packages, the average computer user can cycle through spreadsheets, a photo editing suite, a word processing document and a personal finance Web site – with just clicks of the mouse, becoming an accountant, an artist, a writer and even a day trader.”

She also shared that to be a successful multi-platform journalist it takes focus, training, taking the initiative to study the art of working in different mediums, and support from colleagues who specialise in these fields.

Marissa Calligeros told us in a lecture that a day in the life as Breaking News Editor for The Brisbane Times involves tweeting, filming on her camera phone, filing copy, taking photos, recording audio simultaneously but it’s what’s expected and “you just do it”.

Multimedia photojournalist John D McHugh is an example of someone who really knows what he’s doing when it comes to multi-platform journalism. While travelling around with US and Canadian troops in Afghanistan he very successfully incorporated audio slideshows, photo galleries, diary entries and film in his work for The Guardian – it’s intimidatingly good.

For someone like me who is a little more than technologically challenged, I find the concept of multi-platform journalism pretty daunting to say the least. Good thing I’ve been given a head start!

Need for speed?

In an earlier post, I briefly mentioned that one of the distinct advantages of online journalism is its immediacy. However, I imagine this creates a huge amount of pressure on online journos to write and file quicker, even more so than other media platforms, which can lead to a decline in one of the fundamental news values: accuracy.

I was reading an article compiled by a team of journalists from the Poynter Institute about online journalism ethics in which they discussed this tension between speed and accuracy. They put it pretty plainly:

“Speed is a core advantage of the medium, but should not compromise accuracy, fairness or other journalism values.”

Jonathan Landman of the New York Times has a slightly different view:

“Of course working fast increases the chance of error and clearly that is a danger to acknowledge seriously and address carefully. But absence of error isn’t the only value. If it was, we’d long ago have scrapped daily and weekly newspapers and magazines in favor of refereed scholarly journals. Speed is a value too. Speed gets information to people when they want it and need it.”

So, how do you balance the need for speed with the basic news value of accuracy? Is it even possible?

Michael Arrington, founder and co-editor of TechCrunch, says transparency is the key to striking the balance between the two.

“We don’t believe that readers need to be presented with a sausage all the time. Sometimes it’s both entertaining and informative to see that sausage being made, too. The key is to be transparent at all times. If we post something we think is rough, we say so. If we think it’s absolutely true, we signal that, too, while protecting our sources.”

The Poynter Institute already make their point that accuracy comes before speed but echo Arrington’s view that if you have to post something quickly, an ethical journalist communicates the limitations of their information to their readers.

They also say journalists are obligated to correct mistakes and be transparent about them (something the ABC do) and must communicate the nature of links and user-generated content to ensure the credibility of their story and news organisation is upheld.

While it’s super easy to sit on a high horse and nit-pick journalists for making errors (talking genuine errors, not deliberate fabrications here), it’s different when you experience first-hand just how challenging it is to write accurately under time constraints.

For this unit, one of the pieces of assessment is the ‘Speed vs Accuracy’ test. Sadly, I didn’t score that well but at least I learned a few things from it. For instance, how valuable it is to know your style guide back to front. Common sense, I know but if I had known it better, I could have avoided some sloppy technical errors and filed my stories a lot quicker.

I also realise that it’s inevitable that mistakes will be made. You can prevent them by following common sense advice like that from Craig Silverman but when (note: I say when, not if) they do happen, the best thing you can do is humbly apologise, be transparent about your stuff-up and hope to God Media Watch don’t put it to air.

The Live Blog

Live blogging has grown in popularity in 2011 (the year of the news overload) with many news organisations such as The Guardian, Reuters, BBC, and ABC adopting it as part of their standard online news delivery.

Live blogging is essentially posting regular blog updates as an event takes place. ABC Online News Entertainment Editor Rebekah Van Druten says that when done right, it allows websites to convey to the audience immediately what’s happening and can be a very valuable storytelling tool for journalists.

The Guardian‘s Blogs Editor Matt Wells says live blogs allow news organisations to post quickly developing stories much faster than it takes to edit and re-edit a news article and provides a way to bring together links, multimedia (images, maps, video, audio) Twitter and Facebook comments, and audience responses, all in the one place.

However, some have dismissed live blogging as the ‘death of the inverted pyramid’ and ‘nonsensical jumble’. Even the biggest advocates of live blogging readily admit the shortfalls of the medium:

“You are more or less providing readers with raw material rather than telling them a story. You also tend to get swept up in the rush of events, and don’t have nearly as much time as you’d like to think about what’s happening and make connections, or write any sort of news analysis.”

Robert Mackey, writer for The New York Times 

Rebekah Van Druten says that although it’s easier for errors to slip through in the fast-paced medium of live blogging, you can do a few things to minimise it:

  • Signpost your main points and summarise frequently
  • Leave yourself time to clean up errors, typos etc. at the end
  • Be very selective about the multimedia, links and number of posts

She also says before you even start live blogging, you must consider whether the news story is appropriate live blogging material. Live blogging works well for a sports match, an awards ceremony, or a natural disaster but she mentioned the BBC live blog coverage of Amy Winehouse’s death as an example where a news story would have been more effective.

I personally enjoyed my experience from the Live Blog exercise in QUTOJ. There’s a real rush that comes with posting minute-by-minute coverage but I like that with live blogging you can offer more to the audience than 140 characters of news.

Despite the misgivings some people have about the medium, media organisations are still very much in the experimental phase with live blogging and I agree with Matt Wells:

“Rather than foretelling the death of journalism, the live blog is surely the embodiment of its future.”

The BIG unanswered question…

Although there’s no question that online news is extremely popular, getting it to pay has online journos everywhere scratching their heads.

“Nonetheless, we and other newspapers have built great and growing web audiences. Unfortunately, the maths just refuses to add up properly, so news firms are, inevitably, looking for ways to make it pay so they can continue to pay me. I am in favour of this, because I am fond of eating.”

John Grey, The Courier Mail Online Editor

While the health and quality of journalism isn’t necessarily defined by how much revenue it generates, it’s not rocket science to suggest that it needs to make enough money to invest in good writers and the extensive resources required for decent, investigative journalism.

According to News Digital Media chief executive officer Richard Freudenstein, the traditional ad-supported model doesn’t generate enough revenue on its own to “pay for the level of investment in journalism that society needs”. This is why many commercial media organisations such as Rupert Murdoch’s News Corp have begun to experiment with new business models and the concept of charging for online news content. Online publications in the UK and US have already made a shift towards paywalls (The Sunday Times and New York Times are noteworthy examples) while News Limited announced plans to put up a paywall around The Australian‘s  online content in October this year.

However, ‘competition’ from public broadcasters such as the ABC and the BBC poses a challenge to commercial media organisations charging for content, especially if consumers can find the same news for free somewhere else.

Now comes the big question…will people pay for their online news content after it’s been free for so long? 

John Grey expressed the opinion, in a QUTOJ lecture, that if it came to paying for content, it would have to be fresh, not commoditized news that every other organisation is covering. He believes consumers are more likely to pay for insightful opinion pieces, in-depth analysis and if there are loads of extras. He also stated that news apps for tablet devices will be a strategy to help solve the economic dilemmas facing commercial news organisations.

I think Brian McNair puts it best:

“To all those private media companies now complaining about Google and the BBC, and dealing with the unexpected dissolution of an once solid business model – we, the audience, don’t really care about your shareholders and their profits. We do care about journalism, and in a world where so much of it is free, it’s up to you to give us content worth paying for.”

I guess I’m a twit now

As part of QUTOJ1, it was pretty much mandatory that every student to sign up for a Twitter account, or in my case, actually start using my existing account.

I remember a long, long…long time ago (two years ago, in my first semester of uni) I was introduced to the world of Twitter. I was sitting in a Digital Journalism class one afternoon hearing Michael Lund talk about this sparkly, new social media tool.

To be honest, my first impression was pretty underwhelming. It seemed like just another social media thingy designed for people to whinge about work or share the most banal, pointless thoughts with complete randoms (at least if you did that on facebook, you would be sharing with “friends”).

I even remember Lundy mentioned the CEO of Google calling it “the poor man’s email”. Nevertheless, I signed up for an account that day. Initially, I tweeted pretty frequently but only followed friends and celebrities.

Back then I would have never guessed that ‘tweeting’ would come to mean more than a mere bird vocalisation (I don’t know about you but I am constantly amazed by the strange, new words the Twitter phenomenon has created). Nor did I imagine how useful it would be as a legitimate form of journalism.

Now I am an avid twitter user. I religiously check my account every morning and several times throughout the day. Most of my actual tweets are completely unrelated to journalism; I use that still for communicating between friends. However, it’s become my first point of call for breaking news. I follow news organisations, journos, politicians etc. and have it all organized using one of my favourite Twitter features: lists (God, I just LOVE lists!)

In my opinion, Twitter’s the perfect way to get a bite-sized piece of the latest news. If it piques my appetite, I can always click on the bit.ly link for the full news article.

P.S. If you want to follow me, search for @bekfay

Online newswriting lesson 1: Headlines

While learning to write online news stories, I’ve discovered the first and perhaps most important thing to consider is the headline. Headlines are important in traditional print stories – they have to be eye-catching and their job is to sell the story. Headlines are equally as important in online news, if not more so, in getting a reader to find the story but the focus is a bit different. The purpose of an online headline is to get a reader to click into a story and read more. More hits mean you are better connecting with your audience. Here are some tips I’ve gathered from various sources on how to write a decent online headline.

Keep it short and sweet: Stick to 5-7 words. Research shows online users scan stories rather than read it in its entirety. They’re impatient so keeping stories and their headlines short is the way to go.

Make sure it can stand on its own: While print headlines only appear in the one place (duh), online headlines will show up everywhere on your website in links, search bars etc. so it must travel well on its own. It also must work in a variety of platforms not just the original news organisation website (consider RSS, twitter, Facebook).

Must make sense without context: Online users should be able to read the headline and understand exactly what the story is going to be about. This means taking into account the global reach of your story and not relying on the users’ assumed knowledge, images or the rest of the story for it to make sense. This is probably why the ‘punny’ headlines so often seen in print fall flat in an online environment. Foust says in his book Online Journalism: Principles and Practices of News for the Web, “This is partly because the online user is usually looking for specific information quickly and does not want to decipher a pun or figure out what the words in a headline actually refer to.”

Be clear and concise: A no-brainer really as it’s one of the basics of newswriting but it becomes even more vital in an online environment when you’re trying to make it easier for the impatient online user. This means use a verb and simple, active words.

Write for search engines: Search engine optimisation basically means you must anticipate the key words people are going to type into google and put them in your headline. Pages that have the most matches will turn up higher in the search engine results. The higher up in the list, the more likely your story gets hits.

Deliver what you promise: My online journalism tutor often says this. Rather than write some exciting (and perhaps misleading) headline, there needs to be a degree of predictability so users will know whether they will like the article before they click. People do not return to sites that promise something they do not deliver.

Want to know more? Here are some useful links:

  1. http://www.useit.com/alertbox/headlines-bbc.html
  2. http://www.conversationmarketing.com/2008/10/how_to_write_an_internetready.htm
  3. http://www.newmediabytes.com/2008/03/25/differences-between-web-online-print-headlines/
  4. http://www.newmediabytes.com/2008/04/03/how-to-write-web-headlines-for-people/
  5. http://www.newmediabytes.com/2008/04/10/how-to-write-headlines-for-search-engines/

‘Newspapers are dying, everything’s online’ yada yada yada…

Since Day 1 of my journalism degree I have heard the phrase, “print media is dying out, everything’s moving online”. It’s a view that’s been repeated over and over in lectures and tutorials during the past three years. Media academic Brian McNair believes there will always be a market for newspapers (my view: newspapers will slowly die out but magazines will stay). But he says there has been a significant cultural shift in the past decade in terms of where people go to find their news; a shift which has led to the rise of online news.

While previous generations grew up with the habit of reading the paper first thing in the morning, today’s news consumers want more options. They are either ‘digital natives’ (young people) or ‘digital immigrants’ (old farts) as John Gray from The Courier Mail calls them. They want access to the latest news from their iphone; at any time, any place. They want to be able to engage with it, comment on it and share it with friends. They want to have it all; videos, audio, image galleries. All of which, online news sites provide. McNair highlights immediacy, mobility, diversity of content, multimedia capability, potential for audience interactivity as some of the distinct advantages online news sites have over traditional media.

In chapter 4 of his book, Online Journalism: Principles and Practices of News for the Web, James C. Foust made a point I found really interesting. He says, “It will be difficult even to say when online journalism has reached its maturity, because no one is quite sure what online journalism should ultimately look like.” My online journalism tutor Elaine Ford who works as the Queensland news producer/editor for ABC News Online often echoes similar sentiments. She mentioned in class last week that her work environment is constantly changing and that she and her colleagues have to adapt their news delivery – due to a new piece of technology or social networking site – approximately every six months.

By all accounts, online journalism appears to be a bit of a work in progress but that seems incredibly exciting to me.